CHRISTIAN NEWS MAGAZINE FOR KERALA MALAYALEE CHRISTIANS FROM INDIA AROUND THE WORLD
SEPTEMBER 2007 ARTICLE - MALAYALAM
VOL:6 ISSUE:09

HOLY EUCHARIST IN THE LIGHT OF NEW TESTAMENT
hnip² IpÀºm\ ]pXnb\nba shfn¨¯nð

By REV. FR. T. J. JOSHUA
(Professor, Orthodox Theological Seminary, Kottayam)

Rm³ IÀ¯mhn¦ð \nóp {]m]n¡bpw \n§Ä¡p Gev]n¡bpw sNbvXXp Fs´ómð: IÀ¯mhmb tbiphns\ ImWn¨psImSp¯ cm{Xnbnð Ah³ A¸w FSp¯p kvtXm{Xw sNmñn \pdp¡n: CXp \n§Ä¡p thïnbpÅ Fs³d icocw; Fs³d HmÀ½¡mbn CXp sNbvhn³ Fóp ]dªp. kvtXm{Xw sNmñn \pdp¡n: CXp \n§Ä¡p thïnbpÅ Fs³d icocw; Fs³d HmÀ½¡mbn CXp sNbvhn³ Fóp ]dªp. AÆ®w Xtó A¯mgw Ignªtijw Ah³ ]m\]m{Xhpw FSp¯p; Cu ]m\]m{Xw Fs³d cà¯nð ]pXnb\nbaw BIpóp; CXp IpSn¡pt¼msgms¡bpw Fs³d HmÀ½¡mbn sNbvhn³ Fóp ]dªp. (1 sImcn´yÀ 11:23þ25)

]pXnb\nbaw cq]w {]m]n¨ As¸mkvXenI k`bnð IpÀºm\m\pjvTm\w Hcp kPoh bmYmÀ°yambncpóp. AXn\mð IpÀºm\sb¡pdn¨p {]Xy£amtbm ]tcm£amtbm DÅ ]cmaÀi§Ä ]pXnb\nba]pkvXI§fnepïv. Ime{Iaw A\pkcn¨p {]Yaambn ]cnKWnt¡ïXp ]utemknsâ I¯pIfmWv.

  1. ]utemknsâ A\pimk\w:
    hnip² IpÀºm\Øm]\s¯¸änbpÅ Gäw ]pcmX\amb tcJ ]utemkntâXmWv. kphntij§Ä cNn¡s¸«Xv AXn\ptijw am{Xambncpóp. IpÀºm\Øm]\¯n\p ZrIvkm£n AñmXncpó ]utemkn\v AtX kw_Ôn¨pÅ hnhcw FhnsS\nóp e`n¨p? "Rm³ IÀ¯hn¦ð\nóp {]m]n¡pIbpw \n§Ä¡p Gev]n¡bpw sNbvXXv' (1sImcn. 11:23) Fóp ]dbpópsï¦nepw, sbcpiteanse k`bnð\ntóm At´ymJymbnse k`bnð\ntóm ]utemkn\p e`n¨XmIWw B ]mc¼cyw. "IÀ¯mhn¦ð\nóp {]m]n¨p' FóXpsImïp IÀ¯mhp t\cn«p shfns¸Sp¯ns¡mSp¯p Fóv AÀ°amt¡ïXnñ. D°nX\mb IÀ¯mhp k`bnð hkn¨psImïp k`m kaql¯nð¡qSn ]utemkn\p shfns¸Sp¯n sImSp¡pIbmbncpóp.

    IpÀºm\sb kw_Ôn¨v sImcn´y teJ\¯nð ]cmaÀin¡m\nSbmbXv B k`bnse \pgªpIbdnb Nne Zpjv{]hWXIsf Xncp¯phm\pw imkn¡phm\pw thïnbmWv. AhnsS \SamSnb `nóXbpw tNcnXncnhpIfpw AhcpsS Bcm[\m kt½f\§fnepw {]Xn^en¡pIbpïmbn. AsX¸än t{_m¬Imw Fó ]ÞnX³ ]dbpóXv A¯mgw FóXp k`bnse tNcnXncnhpIfpsS Hcp `bm\I {]ZÀi\ambn A[x]Xn¨p, CtX¸än ]utemkv AhÀ¡p apódnbn¸p \ðIn, CXp \ò¡ñ IqSpXð Xnòt¡ D]Icn¡q. (1 sImcn. 11:17). AhcpsS `nóXaqew IpÀºm\bpsS kmaqly kz`mhw AhÀ \in¸n¡pIbmbncpóp.

    F´psImïmWp sImcn´yÀ B hn[¯nð {]hÀ¯n¡phm³ CSbmbXv? IqZmibv¡v Hcp amkvac iànbpÅXmbn AhÀ IcpXn AXnð ]s¦Sp¡pIbmbncpópthm? acn¨hÀ¡pthïn amtamZokm Fð¡phm³ Ahcnð NneÀ apXnÀóXv B Nn´sImïmbncn¡mw (1 sImcn.15:29). hn{Klmcm[\bntem, ssewKnI XnòIfntem apgpInbmepw amtamZokmbpw IpÀºm\bpw X§fpsS c£bv¡p Xpdp¸pNo«mbn«psïóp AhÀ Nn´n¨n«pïmImWw. CXns\Xncmbn ]utemkv AhÀ¡p apódnbn¸p \ðIpóp: ktlmZcòmtc, \½psS ]nXm¡òmÀ Fñmhcpw...taL¯nepw kap{Z¯nepw kv\m\w Gäp tamitbmSp tNÀóp. Fñmhcpw Htc BßoImlmcw Xnóp; Fñmhcpw Htc BßoI ]m\obw IpSn¨p....F¦nepw AhÀ an¡t]cnepw ssZhw {]kmZn¨nñ......CXp \ap¡p Zrãm´ambn kw`hn¨p...(10:1þ12).

    IpÀºm\sb¸än icnbmb t_m[w sImcn´ycnepWÀ¯phm³ ]utemkv IpÀºm\Øm]\s¯¸än hnhcn¡póp (11:23þ26). IÀ¯mhmb tbiphns\ Häns¡mSp¯ cm{Xnbnð (11:23) IpÀºm\Øm]n¨Xmbn hyàam¡póp. IpÀºm\bpsS Ncn{X]camb kXyw A\ntj[yambn shfns¸Sp¯pIbmWv Cu {]kvXmh\bnð IqSn sN¿póXv. IÀ¯mhnsâ Adkvän\p sXm«pap¼mbncpóp A¯mgw \S¯nbXv Fó hkvXpX ChnsS ImWmw.

    IpÀºm\sb kw_Ôn¨pÅ hnhcW¯nð \mep {InbIÄ {]tbmKn¨ncn¡póp: FSp¯p, hmgv¯n, \pdp¡n (apdn¨p), sImSp¯p. Cu {InbIÄ kaho£W kphntij§fnð IpÀºm\Øm]\s¯¸än {]Xn]mZn¡pó `mK§fnepw {]Xy£s¸Spóp. (a¯mbn. 26:26; aÀt¡mkv. 14:22; eqt¡mkv. 22:19) \mep hnhcW§Ä¡pw s]mXpLSIambn ImWpó Cu {InbIsf¸än Pdanbmkv ]dbpóXv: A¯mg¯n\p ap¼p taibv¡p Npäpapïmbncpó {]kmZmßIXsb Ipdn¡pó kmt¦XnI]Z§fmIpóp Ah. IÀ¯mhnsâ A¯mg¯nð im´nbpw kulrZhpw kmtlmZcyhpw \ndªp\nóp. B ]Ým¯e¯nemWp IpÀºm\m\pjvTm\w Ft¸mgpw \St¡ïXv.

    CsXsâ icocamIpóp. (a¯mbn. 26:26) Fóv A¸w BioÀhZn¨p sImïp ]dªt¸mÄ B hm¡n\p IuZminIm\pcq]yapïv. Fómð B B\pcq]yw IÀ¯mhnsâ {IqinX icoct¯mtSm, alXzoIrX icoct¯mtSm Fó tNmZyapZn¡mw. AXn\pÅ D¯cw cïpamsWómWv. CXp \n§Ä¡pthïnbpÅ icocw Fóp ]dbpóXp {]tXyI {i²bÀln¡póp. IpÀºm\bpsS _enkz`mhw AXp {]kv]ãam¡pIbmWv.

    ]m\]m{Xw BioÀhZn¨psImïp ]dªXv: CXv Fsâ cà¯nð ]pXnb\nbaw BIpóp FómWv. ChnsS \nbaw FóXnsâ aqe]Z¯n\p (Ubm¯os¡) acW]{XnI Fó AÀ°w FSp¡pó ]£w, IÀ¯mhnsâ càw (Imðhdnbnð sNmcnbpóXnsâ ap³Ipdnbmb ]m\]m{Xw) ]pXnb DS¼Sn Dd¸m¡pó D]m[nbmsWóp ImWmw. Hcp ]pXnb DS¼Sn Dïm¡póXns\¸än bncaym{]hmNI³ apóta kqNn¸n¨ncpóXmWv (31:31) ]gb DS¼Sn (ko\mbv aebnð h¨p \S¯nbXv). IpªmSnsâ càw Xfn¨p Dd¸m¡nbXpt]mse, ]pXnb DS¼Sn {InkvXphmIpó ssZhIpªmSnsâ càw Hgp¡nbmWv Dd¸m¡nbXv. ]gbXpw ]pXnbXpamb DS¼SnIfpsS sshcp²ymßIX hniZam¡pó `mKw {it²bamWv (2 sImcn. 3:6þ14). ]pXnb DS¼SnbpsS ASnØm\w enJnX\nbaañ, {]XypX BßmhmWv; Fs´ómð enJnX\nbaw sImñpóp. Bßmhp Pohn¸n¡póp. ]pXnb DS¼Sn Fsâ cà¯nemWv, Fóp IÀ¯mhp ]dbpt¼mÄ IpÀºm\¡p bmK]camb HcÀ°w AhnSpóp Ið]n¡pIbmbncpóp.

    Fsâ HmÀ½¡mbn CXp sN¿phn³ (1 sImcn´yÀ 11:24) Cu ]m\]m{Xw Fs³d cà¯nð ]pXnb\nbaw BIpóp; CXp IpSn¡pt¼msgms¡bpw Fs³d HmÀ½¡mbn sNbvhn³ Fóp ]dªp. (1 sImcn´yÀ 11:25) Fóv BhÀ¯\¯n\mbpÅ Ið¸\ IÀ¯mhmb tbip Iq«nt¨À¯p. CXp ]utemknsâbpw eqt¡mknsâbpw hnhcW§fnÄ am{Xta ImWpópÅp. A\pkvacWw FóXnsâ {Ko¡p]Zw "A\av\oknkv' FómWv. Cu ]Zw ]utemknsâ I¯pIfnÄ asä§pw \mw ImWpónñ. `qXIme kw`hs¯ hÀ¯am\Ime¯nð A\p`hthZyam¡póXt{X AXnð AS§nbncn¡póXv. F´mWv A\pkvacW¯n\pÅ hnjbw? tbip{InkvXp Xsó. AhnSps¯ acWw AYhm {InkvXp kw`hw [Christ-Event] BWp IpÀºm\bnð A\pkvacn¡s¸SpóXv. AXmbXp IpÀºm\hgn ss{IkvXhÀ {InkvXphnsâ c£mIcacWw Hcp A\pZn\ bmYmÀ°yambn amÁWw. acWw am{Xañ, ]p\cmKa\whsc AhnSps¯ D°mcWhpw kzÀ¤mtcmlWhpw {]Jym]n¡bpw thWw. IpÀºm\bnð tbip{InkvXphnsâ c£mIc {]hÀ¯\s¯ hÀ¯am\w B¡pIbmWv.

    {InkvXphnsâ icoccà§Ä AtbmKyambn kzoIcn¨mð AXp IpäIcambn¯ocpóp: tcmKImcWambn ]cnWan¡póp. icoccà§sf icnbmbn hnthNn¨dnªv Hcp¡t¯msS Ah A\p`hn¡WsaómWv ]utemkv A\pimkn¡póXv.

    sImcn´nse asämcp {]iv\w hn{Klmcm[\ Bbncpóp. hnizmknIfnð A[nIw t]cpw hnPmXnbcnð \nóp hóhcmWv. AhÀ hn{Klw hn«IeWsaómWv ]utemknsâ D]tZiw (10:14þ15). F´psImïv Hcp hnizmkn hn{Klmcm[\bnð\nópw AIóp\nð¡Wsaóp ]utemkv hniZoIcn¡póp. \mw A\p{Kln¡pó A\p{Kl]m{Xw {InkvXphnsâ cà¯nsâ Iq«mbvabñsbm? \mw \pdp¡pó A¸w {InkvXphnsâ icoc¯nsâ Iq«mbvabñsbm? (1sImcn. 10: 16þ17). ChnsS BhÀ¯n¡s¸«ncn¡pó "Iq«mbva' (sImbvt\mWnb þ {Ko¡v) Fó ]Z¯nsâ AÀ°w \mw {Klnt¡ïXpïv. ]¦pshbv¡ð, kwkÀ¤w, klhÀ¯nXzw, `mK`mKnXzw Fsóñmw AÀ°w \ðImw. Fómð {Ko¡p aX§fnð a\pjycpw tZhòmcpw X½nepÅ _Ôs¯¡pdn¡phm³ Cu ]Z{]tbmKw km[mcWambncpóp.

    ]utemkv ]dbpóp _enhkvXp¡Ä `£n¡póhÀ _en]oT¯nð ]¦pImcmIpóp. C{]Imcw hnPmXnbcpsS _enhkvXp¡fnð ]¦pImcmIpótXmsS ]nimNnsâ kwkÀ¤¯nð s]«pt]mIpóp. Fómð {InkvXphnsâ icoccà§fnð ]¦mfnIfmIpótXmSpIqSn hnizmknIÄ {InkvXphnsâ Iq«mbvabnð Bbn¯ocpIbmWv. GI A¸amb {InkvXphgn ss{IkvXhÀ ]ckv]cw sFIys¸SpIbpw sN¿póp. C{]Imcw DfhmIpó sFIyt_m[hpw, Iq«mbvabpsS A\p`hhpw Ahsc hnPmXobcpsS _enhkvXp¡fnð ]¦ptNcpóXnð\nópw AIÁn \nÀ¯Ww.

    {InkvXob s]klm Bbn IpÀºm\sb ]utemkv IcpXn Fóp ImWmw. "]gb ]pfnamhns\ \o¡n¡fhn³. \½psS s]kl¡pªmSpw Adp¡s¸«ncn¡póp; {InkvXp Xtó. BIbmð \mw ]gb ]pfnamhpsImïñ, Xnòbpw ZpãXbpw Bb ]pfnamhpsImïpañ, kzÑXbpw kXyhpamb ]pfn¸nñmbvasImïp Xtó DÕhw BNcn¡.' (1 sImcn´yÀ 5:7þ8). ZpÀhr¯nbnð\nópw Hgnªncn¸m³ Blzm\w sN¿pt¼mÄ AXn\pÅ ImcWambn ]dbpóXv {InkvXob s]klbmIpó IpÀºm\bnse ]¦mfn¯amWv.

  2. At¸mkvXe {]hr¯nIfnse ]cmaÀiw:
    BZna ss{IkvXh k`m kaql¯nsâ PohnXs¯¡pdn¨v ka{Kamb Hcp hnhcWw eqt¡mkv \ðIpópïv. AhÀ As¸mkvXeòmcpsS D]tZiw tI«pw Iq«mbva BNcn¨pw A¸w \pdp¡nbpw {]mÀ°\ Ign¨pw t]móp. (As¸m: {]hr¯nIÄ 2:42) A¸w \pdp¡póXnepw {]mÀ°\ \S¯póXnepw DÅ Iq«mbvasb¡pdn¨mWv ChnsS ]dbpóXv. A¸w \pdp¡ð FóXv IpÀºm\m\pjvTm\s¯ kqNn¸n¡póp. B t]cpïmbXv IpÀºm\bnse {][m\ IÀ½amb A¸w \pdp¡enð \nómWv. ]gb\nba¯nð "A¸w apdn¡pI' FóXn\v Hcp bmK]Ým¯eapïmbncpóp (tehym. 2:6; 6:21 XmcXays¸Sp¯pI).

    A¸w apdn¡enð ]¦psImï hnizmknIÄ A\nÀhN\obamb B\µw A\p`hn¨Xmbn ]dbpóp (hm. 46). km[mcW `£Ww Ign¡pt¼mÄ e`n¡pó kwXr]vXnbñ ChnsS hnh£n¡póXv; ssZhkwkÀ¤w A\p`hn¡póXnð \nópfhmIpó B\µm\p`qXnbmWv. k`m kaqlw kt\l¯epw sFIy¯nepw, kmtlmZcyXz¯nepw XpScphm³ Ahsc klmbn¨ LSIw IpÀºm\m\p`hambncpóp.

    A¸w apdn¡ensâ asämcp ]cmaÀihpw ImWmw. (As¸m. {]. 20:7). ]utemknsâ anj\dnbm{Xbnð t{Xmhmknð F¯n AhnSps¯ k`m kaqls¯ At±lw kµÀin¨p. AhnsSsh¨p A¸w apdn¡ð \S¯nbXmbn ]dbpóp. B hnhcW¯nð\nópw e`n¡pó kXy§Ä:

    (1) AsXmcp RmbdmgvNbmbncpóp.
    (2) Aóp Hcpan¨pIqSnbXpXsó A¸w apdn¡phm³ AYhm IpÀºm\ A\pjvTn¡phm\mbncpóp.
    (3) AhÀ kt½fn¨Xv cm{XnbnemWv.
    (4) hN\ ip{iqjbpw AtXmsSmón¨pïmbncpóp. BZna ss{IkvXhcpsS PohnX¯nð IpÀºm\¡v A\\yamb Hcp Øm\apïmbncpóp FómWv At¸mkvXe {]hr¯nIfnð\nóp a\ÊnemIpóXv.

  3. tbmlómsâ km£yw:
    IpÀºm\Øm]\w tbmlómsâ kphntij¯nð hn«pIfªncn¡póp. A¯mgkab¯p \Só ]mZ£mf\w am{Xta tbmlóm³ hnhcn¡pópÅp. Fómð Aô¸w sImïv henb ]pcpjmcs¯ Xr]vXns¸Sp¯pó kw`hhpw AtXXpSÀóp kzÀ¤¯nð \nópÅ Poh³ \ðIpó A¸s¯¸Án kpZoÀLambn {]Xn]mZn¡póXpw IpÀºm\tbmS\p_Ôs¸Sp¯nbñmsX a\Ênem¡phm³ km²yañ. (Bdmw A²ymbw ImWpI). tbip{InkvXp IpÀºm\ Øm]n¨Xpw, hnip² k` AXp XpSÀóp A\pjvTn¨pt]mcpóXpamb ]Ým¯e¯nð am{Xta Bdmw A²ymb¯nse hnhcW§Ä {Kln¡m³ Ignbq.

    kw`h¯nsâbpw kw`mjW¯nsâbpw ]Ým¯ew:
    blqZòmcpsS s]klm Bkóamb kab¯mWv AÛpXw \S¡póXv. (6:3) XpSÀópÅ kw`mjWw \S¡póXv I¸Àólqanse kpótKmKnðsh¨pw. B kµÀ`¯nð kpótKmKnse hmb\¡pÅ thZ`mKw aómsb Ipdn¡póXmbncpóp. (]pd¸mSv 16: kwJym]pkvXIw 11) AXv kzÀ¤ob aómsb¡pdn¨v, Poh\pÅ A¸s¯¡pdn¨v D]tZin¡phm³ GÁhpw A\ptbmPyamb ]Ým¯eambn tbip Iïp.

    AÛpX{]hr¯nbpsS hnhcWw:
    ]pcpjmcs¯ AÛpXIcambn t]mjn¸n¨ kw`h hnhcWw, IpÀºm\ Øm]\s¯¸ÁnbpÅ hnhcWt¯mSp km[À½yw ]peÀ¯póp.]nsó tbip A¸w FSp¯p hmgv¯n, CcpóhÀ¡p ]¦n«psImSp¯p. (tbmlóm³ 6:11) IpÀºm\ Øm]\s¯¸Án, ]nsó Ah³ A¸w FSp¯p kvtXm{Xw sNbvXv apdn¨v AhÀ¡p sImSp¯psImïv AcpÄsNbvXp: (eqt¡mkv 22:19) AÛpX hnhcW¯nð tbmlóm³ sNbvXn«pÅ Hcp khntijX {it²bamWv. A´y A¯mg¯nset¸mse kvtXm{Xw sNbvXtijw A¸¡jWw tbipXsó hnXcWw sN¿póXmbn ]dbpóp. P\§fpsS kwJy t\m¡pt¼mÄ tbip Xsó hnXcWw sN¿pI kzm`mhnIañ.injyòmÀ hgn Bbncn¡Ww sImSp¯Xv. Fómð tbmlóm³ hcp¯nb amÁw IpÀºm\tbmSpÅ kmayw shfns¸Sp¯póXmbncn¡Ww. A´y A¯mg¯nse {]hr¯nbpw, A¸w hÀ²n¸n¨p sImSp¯ kw`hhpw X½nð Hcp henb _Ôw BZyIme kphntij tLmjW§fnðXsó shfns¹Sp¯nbncn¡Ww.

    Pohsâ A¸s¯¡pdn¨pÅ kw`mjWw:
    A¸w hÀ²n¸n¨Xnsâ ]Ým¯e¯nð Pohsâ A¸¯nte¡p P\§fpsS {i² £Wn¡póp. kzÀ¤¯nð \nópw Cd§nhó Poh³ \ðIpó A¸s¯¸Án ]dbpt¼mÄ IpÀºm\sb¡pdn¨v {]t_m[n¸n¡phm³ Ahkcapïmbn. Cu {]`mjWs¯ cïp `mK§fmbn Xncn¡mw. Hóv: 6:35 apXð 50 hscbpÅ `mKw. cïv: 6:51 apXð 58 hscbpÅ `mKw. Cu `mK§Ä X½nepÅ hyXymkw Iïp]nSn¡phm³ ]ÞnXòmÀ {ian¨n«pïv. cïp `mK¯pw IpÀºm\sb¸Án {]Xn]mZn¡póXmbn thWw a\Ênem¡phm³. BZy`mK¯v tbip "Xsâ ASp¡ð hcnIsbtóm', "Xónð hnizkn¡pIsbtóm' ]dbpt¼mÄ cïmw `mK¯v, "Xsó `£n¡póh³ Ftóm', "`£n¡pIbpw ]m\w sN¿pIbpw sN¿póh³ Ftóm' FómWv ]dªncn¡póXv. cïnepw kqN\ IpÀºm\ A\p`hw Xsó.

IpÀºm\ hnizmkt¯msS `£n¡Ww. F¦nð am{Xta AXp Pohsâ A¸ambn A\p`hs¸SpIbpÅp. (6:40,47) ssZh¯nsâ Zm\amWv hnizmksaópw, AXp ssZhw \ðImsX Hcph\pïmIpI Akm²yamsWópw Xd¸n¨p ]dbpóp.

"amwkw `£n¡pI', "càw ]m\w sN¿pI' Fón {]tbmK§Ä blpZNn´bnð {]Xntj[mÀlamWv. AXpsImïv 6:53þð "\n§Ä a\pjy]p{Xsâ amwkw XnómsXbpw Ahsâ càw IpSn¡msXbpw Ccpómð \n§fpsSbpÅnð Poh\nñ' Fó {]kvXmh\ IpÀºm\bpsS AÀ°¯nð am{Xta a\Ênem¡m³ Ignbq. "Rm³ sImSp¸m\ncn¡pó A¸tam temI¯nsâ Poh\pthïn Rm³ sImSp¡pó amwkamIpóp.' (6:51) CXn\p Xpeyambn«mWv kam´c kphntij¯nð, "\ðIs¸Spó Fsâ icocamIpóp' (eqt¡mkv 22:19) Fóp ImWpóXv.

IpÀºm\m\p`h¯nsâ aqóp ^e§Ä tbmlóm³ shfns¸Sp¯póp:

  1. \nXyPoh³: Cu A¸w Xnópóh³ Fñmw Ftó¡pw Pohn¡pw. (6:51) IpÀºm\ hgnbmbn e`n¡pó \nXyPohs\¸Án BhÀ¯n¨v Cu thZ`mK¯v ]dbpópïv. (53, 54, 55 hmIy§Ä) ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw Pohn¡pó AtX Poh\nepÅ ]¦mfn¯amWv Cu \nXyPoh³. (6:57)

  2. sFIyw: Fsâ amwkw `£n¡pIbpw Fsâ càw IpSn¡bpw sN¿póh³ Fónepw Rm³ Ah\nepw hkn¡póp. (6:56) CXpaqew kPohamb Hcp sFIyw km²yambn¯ocpóp. ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw X½nepÅ _Ôw ]p{X\pw {InkvXym\nbpw X½nepÅ PohnX¯nte¡p {]kcn¡s¸Spóp. {InkvXphnt\mSpÅ sFIy¯nð am{Xta Hcp hnizmkn¡p ^ew Imbn¡phm³ km[n¡q.

  3. D°m\w: Fsâ amwkw `£n¡pIbpw Fsâ càw IpSn¡pbpw sN¿póh\p \nXyPoh\pïv. Ahkm\ Znhk¯nð Rm³ Ahs\ DbÀ¸n¡pw. (6:54) cïp Imcy§Ä Cu hmIy¯nð ]dbpóp. IpÀºm\ A\p`hn¡póh\p Cl¯nð \nXyPoh\pïv. Ahkm\¯nð IÀ¯mhmb tbip Ahs\ DbÀ¸n¡bpw sN¿pw. bpKm´ymòpJamb Hcp hmKvZm\hpw {]Xo£bpw ChnsS ImWmw. IpÀºm\ \½psS ]p\cp²m\¯nsâ Dd¸mWv.

D]kwlmcw:
]pXnb\nba¯nð IpÀºm\sb¸Án {]Xy£ambn ]cmaÀin¨n«pÅ `mK§fmWv \mw ]cntim[n¨Xv. kaho£W kphntij§fnteXp {]tXyIw ]cnKWn¡mªXv AhbnepÅhXsó hnip² ]utemknsâ I¯nepÅXpsImïmWv. Hcp Imcyw hyàamWv. BZnak`bpsS PohnX¯nepw hnizmk¯nepw hnip² IpÀºm\¡p ]caamb {]m[m\yw \ðInbncn¡póp. F¡me¯papÅ k`mPohnX¯n\p AXp t{]cIambncnt¡ïXmWv.

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